@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface ExceptionHandler{
    Class<? extends Throwable>[] value() default {};
}

package org.fkjava.exception;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

// BookException是自定义异常类，使用了@ResponseStatus注解修饰，
// reason表示抛出异常时显示的错误信息，
@ResponseStatus(reason = "查询数据失败")
public class BookException extends RuntimeException
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}

package org.fkit.controller;

import org.fkjava.exception.BookException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

@Controller
public class BookController {
    @GetMapping("/find")
    public String find() throws Exception
    {
        try
        {
            @SuppressWarnings("unused")
            int i = 5 / 0;
            return "success";
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new BookException();
        }
    }
}

package org.fkit.controller;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

@Controller
public class TestController
{
    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() throws Exception
    {
        // 抛出异常
        throw new Exception();
    }
    @GetMapping("/test")
    public String test() throws Exception
    {
        // 模拟异常
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        int i = 5 / 0;
        return "success";
    }
    @GetMapping("/find")
    public String find() throws Exception
    {
        try
        {
            // 模拟异常
            @SuppressWarnings("unused")
            int i = 5 / 0;
            return "success";
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new SQLException("查找数据失败!");
        }

    }
}

ModelAndView resolveException(
    HttpServletRequest request,
    HttpServletResponse response,
    @Nullable java.lang.Object handler,
    java.lang.Exception ex
)

public class XxxController
{
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello()
    {
        try{
            ...
        } catch(异常1 e)
        {
            return 结果1;
        } catch(异常2 e)
        {
            return 结果2;
        }
    }
}

package org.fkit.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.fkit.domain.Book;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

// 该类会被看成一个Controller
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/json")
public class BookController
{
    // 同时该类中所有使用@RequestMapping注解的方法都默认使用了@ResponseBody注解，
    // 所以getJson方法会将List集合数据转换成JSON格式并返回客户端。
    @RequestMapping(value = "/testRequestBody")
    public Object getJson()
    {
        List<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>();
        list.add(new Book(1, "书名称1", "书的作者1"));
        list.add(new Book(2, "书的名称2", "书的作者2"));
        return list;
    }
}

package org.fkit.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

// @XmlRootElement表示XML文档的根元素
@XmlRootElement
public class Book implements Serializable
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    public Book()
    {
        super();
    }
    public Book(Integer id, String name, String author)
    {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
    }
    public Integer getId()
    {
        return id;
    }
    // 该属性作为xml的element
    @XmlElement
    public void setId(Integer id)
    {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }
    @XmlElement
    public void setName(String name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAuthor()
    {
        return author;
    }
    @XmlElement
    public void setAuthor(String author)
    {
        this.author = author;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", author=" + author + "]";
    }
}

package org.fkit.controller;

import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;
import org.fkit.domain.Book;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class BookController
{
    // @RequestBody Book book会将传递的xml数据自动绑定到Book对象
    @PostMapping(value = "/sendxml")
    public void sendxml(@RequestBody Book book)
    {
        System.out.println("接收XML数据成功");
        System.out.println(book);
    }
    // @ResponseBody 会将Book自动转成XML数据返回
    @PostMapping(value = "/readxml")
    // @ResponseBody注解把方法返回的Book对象转换成XML并发给客户端.
    @ResponseBody
    public Book readXml() throws Exception
    {
        // 通过JAXBContext的newInstance方法，传递一个class就可以获得一个上下文
        JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Book.class);
        // 创建一个Unmarshall对象
        Unmarshaller unmar = context.createUnmarshaller();
        // 读取资源目录下的文件
        InputStream is = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/book.xml");
        // Unmarshall对象的unmarshal方法可以进行xml到Java对象的转换
        Book book = (Book) unmar.unmarshal(is);
        System.out.println(book);
        return book;
    }
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>测试返回JSON格式的数据</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/json2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function() {
        testResponseBody();
    });
    function testResponseBody() {
        $.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/json/testRequestBody", null,
                function(data) {
                    $.each(data, function() {
                        var tr = $("<tr align='center'/>");
                        $("<td/>").html(this.id).appendTo(tr);
                        $("<td/>").html(this.name).appendTo(tr);
                        $("<td/>").html(this.author).appendTo(tr);
                        $("#booktable").append(tr);
                    })
                }, "json");
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <table id="booktable" border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
        <tr align="center">
            <th>编号</th>
            <th>书名</th>
            <th>作者</th>
        </tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

package org.fkit.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.fkit.domain.Book;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(
    "/json"
)
public class BookController
{
    @RequestMapping(
        value = "/testRequestBody"
    )
    // @ResponseBody注解会自动将集合数据转换json格式并返回给客户端
    @ResponseBody
    public Object getJson()
    {
        List<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>();
        list.add(new Book(1, "Spring+MyBatis企业应用实战", "肖文吉"));
        list.add(new Book(2, "轻量级JavaEE企业应用实战", "李刚"));
        return list;
    }
}

package org.fkit.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.fkit.domain.Book;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/json")
public class BookController
{
    @RequestMapping(value = "/testRequestBody")
    // @ResponseBody注解会自动将集合数据转换json格式并返回给客户端.
    @ResponseBody
    public Object getJson()
    {
        List<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>();
        list.add(new Book(1, "书名字1", "作者1"));
        list.add(new Book(2, "书名字2", "作者2"));
        return list;
    }
}